中国天然橡胶的生产率增长、效率变化与技术进步——海南农垦88个植胶农场的实证研究

The Productivity Growth,Efficiency Change and Technological Progress of Natural Rubber in China——The Empirical Evidence from 88 State-owned Rubber Plant Farms in Hainan Province

根据1998～2007年海南农垦88个植胶农场天然橡胶数据,采用基于DEA的非参数Malmquist指数方法对天然橡胶生产率进行测算和分解。在此基础上,分析天然橡胶的全要素生产率、技术效率和技术进步的收敛趋势。研究表明:海南农垦的天然橡胶生产率水平在不断下降,其主要原因是技术效率的不断下降,但同时农场技术进步却有一定程度的提高;植胶农场的天然橡胶Malmquist指数、技术效率相差较大,而技术进步相差较小,Malmquist指数和技术效率存在σ收敛、绝对β收敛和条件β收敛,而技术进步不存在σ收敛和绝对β收敛,但存在条件β收敛。

Using the non-parameter Malmquist index based on datum envelop analysis and a farmlevel panel data from Hainan 88 state-owned rubber plant farms natural rubber data from 1998 to 2007, this paper analyses the natural rubber＇s convergence trends of total factor productivity, technical efficiency and technology progress. The major findings show that the natural rubber＇s productivity level of Hainan state-owned reclamation farms constantly decreases, which is mainly due to the decline of the technical efficiency, but at the same time the technological progress has been increased to a certain extent. There is a large difference between Malmquist index and technical efficiency of natural rubber, but a small difference between technology progress and the farms of positive. There exists a convergence, absolute β convergence and conditional β convergence of Malmquist index and technical efficiency; and there does not exist σ convergence, absolute β convergence of technology progress, but conditional β convergence.