四川部分山羊品种(系)产奶量及乳营养分析

Milk Yield and Nutritional Component Analysis of Partial Goat Breeds in Sichuan

母羊泌乳量高低及乳的营养是影响羔羊成活及生长速度的两个重要因素。本实验对四川4个山羊品种(系)的产奶量及乳的常规营养成分进行研究。结果表明:4个山羊品种(系)产奶量高低顺序为天府肉羊>简阳大耳羊>乐至黑山羊>营山黑山羊,依次为(84.28±5.11)、(81.90±3.27)、(80.63±4.48)、(65.08±2.43)kg。产后48h内初乳中的干物质和蛋白质含量均迅速下降;脂肪含量先上升后下降,然后再上升;乳糖含量差异不大,相对稳定于4～5g/100mL之间。产后2h时蛋白水平高低为营山黑山羊>天府肉羊>乐至黑山羊>简阳大耳羊;乳中干物质含量为天府肉羊>营山黑山羊>乐至黑山羊>简阳大耳羊;脂肪含量为乐至黑山羊>简阳大耳羊>天府肉羊>营山黑山羊;乳糖含量为简阳大耳羊>乐至黑山羊>天府肉羊>营山黑山羊。2月龄所测定的常乳中,蛋白质与干物质含量最高的为天府肉羊,脂肪含量最高的为营山黑山羊,乳糖含量最高的为简阳大耳羊。

Milk yield and nutritional components are two factors affecting the survival and growth speed of newborn lambs. In the present study, the milk yield and nutritional components of four goat breeds in Sichuan were analyzed. The results showed that their milk yields were （84.28 ± 5.11） kg （Tianfu goat）, （81.90 ± 3.27） kg （Jianyang big ear goat）, （80.63 ± 4.48） kg （Lezhi black goat） and （65.08 ± 2.43） kg （Yingshan black goat）, respectively. The contents of dry materials and protein exhibited a sharp decrease within 48 h after parturition and fat content initially increased, then decreased and finally increased. No significant difference in lactose content in colostrums was observed, which ranged from 4% to 5%. The nutritional compo- nents at 2 h after parturition were ranked in the following order ： Yingshan black goat 〉 Tianfu goat 〉 Lezhi black goat Jianyang big ear goat for protein level, Tianfu goat 〉 Yingshan black goat〉Lezhi black goat 〉Jianyang big ear goat for dry materials, Lezhi black goat 〉 Jianyang big ear goat 〉Tianfu meat goat 〉 Yingshan black goat for fat, Jianyang big ear goat Lezhi black goat 〉 Tianfu goat 〉 Yingshan black goat for lactose. The highest contents of protein and dry materials, fat and lactose in ordinary milk were observed in Tianfu goat, Yingshan blank goat and Jianyang big ear goat, respectively.