2004～2008年新疆兵团出生缺陷监测数据分析

Analysis on the monitoring data of birth defects in Xinjiang corps from 2004 to 2008

目的:分析新疆兵团5年的出生缺陷发生率、主要畸形发生顺位及构成比,掌握兵团出生缺陷发生情况及其动态变化,探讨降低出生缺陷发生率的干预措施。方法:对2004～2008年新疆兵团出生缺陷监测医疗单位的监测资料进行统计分析。结果:监测围产儿62 330例,出生缺陷儿228例,出生缺陷发生率为3.66‰。在228例出生缺陷儿中,单发畸形211例,多发畸形17例;出生缺陷前5位畸形依次为:唇腭裂、先天性心脏病、神经管畸形、多指(趾)、先天性脑积水。结论:要加强对围孕期妇女的优生优育知识宣传教育和指导,为孕妇提供舒适、安全的生活环境,减少有毒有害环境污染,孕前、孕期远离有毒有害作业;积极开展优生技术和方法,开展产前筛查和产前诊断技术;针对出生缺陷发生及构成情况,尽快建立先天性心脏病等常见畸形的产前诊断中心,对医院产科相关人员进行出生缺陷知识和技能的培训,提高其对畸形的识别能力和诊断水平。

Objective：To analyze the incidence of birth defects,the sequence and proportion of main malformations in Xinjiang corps from 2004 to 2008,master the occurrence and dynamic change of birth defects in Xinjiang corps,explore the interventional measures to reduce the incidence of birth defects. Methods：The monitoring data of birth defects from the medical institutions in Xinjiang corps were analyzed statistically from 2004 to 2008. Results：62 330 perinatal infants were monitored,228 infants were found with birth defects,the incidence of birth defects was 3.66‰.Among 228 infants with birth defects,211 infants were found with single deformity and 17 infants were found with multiple deformity;the five top malformations were cleft lip and palate,congenital heart disease,neural tube defect,polydactyly and congenital hydrocephalus. Conclusion：Propaganda,education and guidance of child-bearing and child-rearing knowledge should be enhanced among periconceptional women,a comfortable and safe living environment should be provided to pregnant women,the toxic and hazardous environmental pollution should be reduced,the women during progestational and pregnant period should be kept away from toxic and harmful works;eugenic technique and method should be carried out actively,prenatal screening and diagnostic technique should be conducted;the prenatal diagnostic center of common malformations such as congenital heart disease should be constructed targeting to the occurrence and proportion of birth defects;the training of knowledge and skill of birth defects should be carried out among the obstetrical workers,their recognition capability and diagnostic level on deformity should be improved.