临夏县贫困农村5岁以下儿童营养状况分析

Analysis on the nutritional status of children under 5 years in poor rural area of Linxia county

目的:评价临夏县贫困农村5岁以下儿童的营养状况,为改善该地区儿童营养状况提供依据。方法:采用整群抽样方法于2010年对临夏县贫困农村5个乡镇10个行政村所有5岁以下儿童的家庭进行问卷调查,以儿童身高和体重作为儿童营养状况的评价指标。结果:该地区5岁以下儿童消瘦、生长迟缓和低体重的患病率分别为2.3%、21.4%和8.1%,男童生长迟缓率(24.0%)高于女童(18.1%)(P<0.05);2岁以下儿童初乳喂养率63.1%。结论:临夏县贫困农村5岁以下儿童营养状况低于世界卫生组织儿童生长标准。应改进喂养方法,促进初乳喂养,建议纯母乳喂养至6个月,继续母乳喂养至2岁或更长时间,同时合理添加辅食。

Objective：To evaluate the nutritional status of children under 5 years in poor rural area of Linxia county,provide a basis for improving the nutritional status of the children. Methods：Cluster sampling method was used to survey the families with children under 5 years from 10 administrative villages of 5 towns in rural area of Linxia county by a questionnaire,the body height and body weight of children were used as the evaluation indicators of nutritional status in children. Results：The incidences of emaciation,growth retardation and low body weight of children under 5 years in the area were 2.3%,21.4% and 8.1%,respectively.The incidence of growth retardation in boys（24.0%） was significantly higher than that in girls（18.1%）（P0.05）;the feeding rate of colostrum in children under 2 years was 63.1%. Conclusion：The nutritional status of children under 5 years in poor rural area of Linxia county is lower than WHO child growth standards.The feeding method should be improved,colostrum feeding should be promoted,it is recommended to continue pure breastfeeding until 6 months after birth,continue breastfeeding until 2 years or more,the complementary feed should be added reasonably.