2234例新生儿听力筛查结果分析

Analysis on hearing screening results of 2234 neonates

目的:探讨新生儿听力损失的发生情况,以便早期干预、治疗。方法:采用瞬态诱发耳声发射(TEOAE)对在广东医学院附属陈星海医院出生的新生儿2 234例进行听力筛查,初筛未通过者于42天复查,复筛未通过者转诊儿童听力诊断指导中心使用听性脑干反应(ABR)进行听力损失诊断。结果:应接受听力筛查新生儿2 550例,实际筛查2 234例,其中正常组2 137例,高危组97例,初筛率87.61%(2 234/2 550),初筛通过率93.2%(2 082/2 234),复筛通过率97.67%(2 182/2 234),比较正常组与高危组的初筛通过率和复筛通过率,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),正常组确诊先天性双耳听力损失2例,检出率为0.94‰(2/2 137),占筛查新生儿总数的0.89‰(2/2 234)。结论:新兴工商业镇新生儿听力筛查初筛率及转诊率低,先天性听力损失检出率低可能同初筛率低和转诊率低有关。

Objective：To explore the occurrence of neonatal hearing loss,in order to intervene and treat early. Methods：Transient evoked otoacoustic emission（TEOAE） was used to screen hearing of 2 234 neonates who were born in the hospital,the neonates failing in the preliminary screening were reexamined at 42 days after birth,and the neonates failing in the second screening were transferred to guidance center of audiological diagnosis of children to diagnose hearing loss through auditory brainstem response（ABR）. Results：2 550 neonates were supposed to receive hearing screening,but 2 234 neonates received hearing screening actually,including 2 137 neonates in normal group and 97 neonates in high risk group,the rate of preliminary screening was 87.61%（2 234/2 550）,the passing rate of preliminary screening was 93.2%（2 082/2 234）,the passing rate of second screening was 97.67%（2 182/2 234）.There was no significant difference in the passing rates of preliminary screening and second screening between normal group and high risk group（P0.05）;in normal group,two neonates were diagnosed with congenital bilateral hearing loss definitely,the detection rate was 0.94‰（2/2 137）,accounting for 0.89‰（2/2 234） of the whole neonates receiving hearing screening. Conclusion：In rising industrial and commercial town,the preliminary screening rate of neonatal hearing and transfer rate are low,the low detection rate of congenital hearing loss may be related to low preliminary screening rate and low transfer rate.