“普希金是我们的一切”——“有机批评”视野中的普希金

"Pushkin is everything for us"—Pushkin Analyzed from the Perspective of Organic Criticism

普希金是几乎所有俄国文艺批评家、作家们所推崇、膜拜的民族精神偶像,每个人都力图在"普希金现象"中寻找自己批评观点或创作思想的合法性。19世纪中叶著名浪漫主义批评家阿波罗·格里高里耶夫自"有机批评"的立场出发,将普希金奉为俄罗斯民族文化之神,认为普希金的创作完美体现着俄罗斯民族文化精神,昭示着俄国民族意识发展的生动有机前景。俄国文化界百年来对普希金的大规模造神运动即肇始于阿波罗·格里高里耶夫。

Pushkin is the symbol of national spirit idolized by Russian literary critics and writers.Each one is trying to find the legitimacy for their viewpoints or creativity in the'Pushkin phenomenon'.Apollon Grigoriev,the 19th century critic famous for organic criticism,thinks that Pushkin's literary creation embodies the spirit of Russian culture and reveals the prospect for the development of national awareness of the Russian people.Apollon Grigoriev is the initiator in the large-scale campaign of idolization of Pushkin in Russia.