苹果砧木组织培养与快繁技术研究

Studies on Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of Apple Stocks

通过对不同苹果砧木M9、M26、八棱海棠、平邑甜茶的离体培养研究,探讨不同砧木的初代、继代培养、生根以及移栽技术。结果表明,①以4种砧木的离体新梢进行初代培养,最佳培养基均为MS+6-BA1.0mg·L-1+NAA 0.1 mg·L-1。②M9与M26的最佳增殖培养基MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1+IBA 0.1mg·L-1,最适生根培养基为1/2MS+IBA 0.3 mg·L-1+NAA0.1 mg·L-1,生根率分别达到70.6%与69.6%。③八棱海棠和平邑甜茶的最佳继代培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1+IBA 0.3 mg·L-1,最适生根培养基为1/2MS+IBA0.3 mg·L-1,两个品种的生根率均达到80%以上。④用0.5 mg·L-1的FeSO4溶液处理育苗基质可使生根苗移栽成活率提高到90%以上。

In this paper,techniques about primary culture,subculture,root reducing and transplant in different apple stocks were discussed by studying in vitro culture of four apple rootstock breeds,including M-9,M-{26},Malus micromalus Mark.,Malus hupenensis Rehd.The results indicated that,① For all this four apple rootstocks,the medium of MS＋6-BA1.0 mg·L{-1}＋NAA0.1 mg·L{-1} is the best when their shoots cultivated in vitro.② For M-9 and M-{26},the optimum enrichment medium and the optimum rooting medium were MS＋6-BA 1.0 mg·L{-1} ＋IBA 0.1 mg·L{-1} and 1/2MS＋IBA{0.3} {mg·L}{-1} ＋NAA0.1 mg·L{-1},respectively.The rooting rates were 70.6% and 69.6%,respectively.③To Malus micromalus Mark and Malus hupenensis Rehd,the optimum subculture medium and the optimum rooting medium were MS＋6-BA1.0 mg·L{-1}＋IBA0.3 {mg·L}{-1} and 1/2MS＋IBA0.3 mg·L{-1},respectively.Both of the rooting rates were over 80%.④ The nursery substrate treatment with 0.5 mg·L{-1} FeSO-4 made the survive rate of the root regeneration plant above 90%.