名量组配的典型性与量词教学的系统性问题——以新加坡小学华文教材为例

The Typicality of"Noun + Measure Word"and the Systematicness of the Teaching of Measure Words

名量组配的典型性主要针对名量组配的常用性和名量之间语义特征的相容性而言。强调教学过程名量组配的典型性,是为了提高量词教学的效率。名量组配的系统教学有两种途径:一种是以量词为出发点,一种是以名词为主导。教材以动态的语篇为基础,名量组配的过程总是先确定描述的对象,再选择量词,某些名量组配可能并非典型、常用的组配,学生对量词的学习缺乏系统性。从量词教学的效果来看,可以有意识地以量词为视角,采取一些"补救"措施,弥补课文中可能出现的名量组配的典型性不足、量词教学的系统性不够等问题。

The typicality of ＂noun ＋measure word＂ Combination mainly concerns the frequent use of the combination and the correspondence of the semantic features of nouns and measure words. The aim of emphasizing the typicality of ＂noun ＋ measure word＂ combination is to increase efficiency in teaching of measure words. There are two ways in systematic teaching of measure words：One is based on measure words;The other is centered on nouns. Textbooks are based on dynamic texts,in which the process of combining a noun and a measure word is always to choose a measure word to describe a fixed object a noun. Some ＂noun＋measure word＂ combinations are not typical or frequently used. The students＇ study of measure words is always fragmentary instead of systematic. In order to raise the efficiency in teaching of measure words,we can put our emphasis on measure words and take some complementary measures to make up the fact that in some texts the ＂noun ＋measure word＂ combinations are not typical and systematic enough.