广东省成年居民体重认知偏移及其影响因素分析

Prevalence regarding weight misperception and related influencing factors among residents inGuangdong province

目的了解广东省居民体重认知偏移的情况及其影响因素，为开展与体重相关健康问题的预防控制提供科学依据。方法通过多阶段分层随机整群抽样抽取广东省21个县区168居委辟寸的6717个家庭，对每个家庭用Kish Grid抽佯方法（KISH法）确定1名15～69岁的家庭成员进行问卷调查，获得体重、体重认知及相关的影响因素。用SPSS 16．0软件对数据进行单因素和logistic回归分析。结果共调查6625人，50．2％的居民体重认知有偏移，其中35．9％体重认知左偏移（体重认知低于实际体重分类），14．3％体重认知右偏移；15～24岁年轻女性体重认知右偏移发生率（38．6％）明显高于同年龄组男性（18．5％），而左偏移发生率（8．5％）明显低于男性（25．8％）；不论性别，体重认知左偏移发生率随年龄增加而上升，而右偏移随年龄的增加而下降。多因素logistic回归分析结果表明，体重认知左偏移的危险因素包括农村、男性、年龄大、文化程度低、农林牧渔职业、收入低以及焦虑；体重认知右偏移的危险因素包括城市、女性、年龄小、除汉族外的其他民族以及从未测量过体重。结论广东省居民体重认知偏移发生率高，影响因素复杂，有必要加强体重认知心理学方面的研究，采取有针对性的预防控制措施。

Objective To explore the prevalence of weight misperception and relatedinfluencing factors among adult residents in Guangdong province so as to provide information for prevention and control on weight misperception. Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select the sample. Forty-two streets/villages were selected from 21 counties/ districts through randomly sampling. Four communities were then chosen from every selected town or district, followed by 40 families chosen from every village or community. Questionnaire was used to collect data on weight perception and its related risk factors. SPSS 16.0 was used for data analysis. Results There were 6625 respondents participating in the study. Out of them, 50.2% participants misperceived their weight status, among which 35.9% of them underestimated while 14.3% overestimated their weights. Females aged 15-24 were more likely to overestimate weights than males in the same age group （38.6% vs. 18.5%） ,while males were more likely to underestimate weights than females （25.8% vs. 8.5% ）, The prevalence of underestimation on weights increased with the increase of age in both males and females but the prevalence of overestimation on weights decreased. Data from multivariate results from logistic analysis showed that rural residents, males, being elderly, residents with low education level, manual occupations （agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery）, low family income and with anxiety were the major risk factors on underestimation of weight. However, factors as being urban residents, females, adolescents, minority and never having received weight measurement etc. were the major risk factors of overestimated on weight. Conclusion Misperceptions of weight status in Guangdong province exhibited a high prevalence with complicated influencing factors, calling for more psychological research to be carried out to prevent and reduce the misperceptions on weight status.