云南省弥渡县合家山出土铜器的技术研究

A Preliminary Study on technique of Bronzes from the Hejiashan site in Midu county,Yunnan

一、合家山地理位置及出土器物概况 合家山地处云南西部弥渡县红岩乡东部，1995年，该地共出土铜器45件（报道了44件，实地考察45件），石、陶范23件以及陶质的残坩埚和风管，因这批材料未经科学发掘，无地层和出土物关系，故报道中根据器形、纹饰的情况将时代定为春秋晚期至战国中期，并推测这是一处青铜时代的冶铸遗址。

Hejiashan, a metal smelting and casting site that belongs to the late Spring and Autumn to middle Warring States period （770BC - 475BC）, is located in Midu County, Yunnan Province, Southwest China. 45 bronze artifacts and 23 figulines and stone molds were excavated from this site. In this research, 8 metallic artifacts including weapons, tools and decorations unearthed from this site were sampled to examine the microstructure and compositions by optical metallography and scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectrometry, which show that they were copper, Cu-Sn, Cu-Sn-As, and Cu- Pb-As-Sb alloys made by casting, forging, and cold-working after casting In addition, the styles of these objects are similar to the artifacts unearthed from Erhai and Lake Dian region even Southeast Asia. Thus, this scientific research will make it possible to understand the diverse bronze cultures in this area, and reveal the tectmical relation between west and east Yunnan.