经营式农业变迁与传统中国农业经济停滞——基于人才配置模式的探讨

The Changes of Management Agriculture and Agricultural Stagnation in Traditional China:Discussion Based on Allocation Model of Talent

文章在一个简单的人才配置模型中分析了传统中国农业经济的停滞问题。文章认为,经营式农业发展不足是造成传统中国农业经济停滞不前的一个重要原因。经营式农业的发展需要具有企业家才能的经营式农场主的投资和创新,而传统中国社会的制度环境却鼓励人才流向官僚阶层。受官僚阶层高报酬的吸引,具有企业家才能的人大都热衷于进入官僚阶层而无心从事农业经营。这种人才配置模式阻碍了经营式农业的发展,抑制了农业技术创新,农业经济因此陷入停滞状态。

This paper analyzes the issue of agricultural stagnation in tradition China by a model concerning the allocation of talent. The fall of man- agement agriculture was the main reason for agricultural stagnation in traditional China. The development of management agriculture needed the investment and innovation of management farmers with entrepreneurship, but the institutional environment of traditional China encouraged the talent to flow into the bureaucracy. Attracted by high returns, most of persons with entrepreneurship were interested in flowing into the bureaucracy and paid little attention to engaging in agricultural activities. This talent model prevented the development of management agriculture, and restricted technological innovation in agriculture therefore, the agricultural economy was in a state of stagnation.