门巴族珞巴族的传统文化及其在新时期的变化

The Traditional Cultures of Monpa and Lhoba and their Changes in the New Period

门巴族和珞巴族世代生活于喜马拉雅山区,其社会和传统文化具有特色,如珞巴族的氏族部落社会、家庭结构以及宗教信仰;门巴族的传统村社与封建农奴制结合的复合形态、婚姻制度等。西藏和平解放和民主改革以来,随着交通条件的改善和对外联系的扩大,随着西藏社会的变革和现代化进程的推进,人们的生产生活方式、家庭与社会结构、思想文化观念、宗教信仰等都发生了许多变化。变迁中的门巴族珞巴族社会,既有着鲜明的时代特征,出现的有些问题又值得关注,集中反映在其传统文化的弱化、变异甚至面临消失的危险。如何处理好传统文化与现代化的关系是当今面临的无法回避的问题。

The societies and traditional cultures of Monpa and Lhoba who live in Himalayas Mountains have special features of their own,e.g.Lhoba's clan tribal society,household structure and religious beliefs as well as Monpa's composite forms of traditional village community and feudal serf system and matrimonial system,etc.Since the peaceful liberation and democratic reform in Tibet,the public transportation has been improved and therefore,the communication with the outside world has been expanded.With the reforms of Tibet society and the boost of modernization,great changes have taken place in the styles of people's production and living,structures of society and household,conceptions of thinking and culture as well as religious beliefs.The changing society of Monpa and Lhopa reflects the distinctive features of the time but also exposes some risks that should be cautious with,especially the risk of deterioration,disassociation or even extinction of the traditional culture.The conflict between the traditional culture and modernization has become a problem that can't be avoided.