建鲤对6种非常规蛋白质原料中营养物质的表观消化率

Apparent Digestibility of Nutrients in Six Kinds of Non-conventional Protein Ingredients for Jian Carp

本试验以0.5%的三氧化二铬为指示剂,由70%基础饲料和30%待测原料组成试验饲料研究建鲤（Cyprinus carpiovar.Jian）对血粉、蚕蛹粉、膨化羽毛粉、酶解羽毛粉、蛋白肽和玉米蛋白粉等6种非常规蛋白质原料中干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、氨基酸、总磷和总能的表观消化率。选用均重为（220.53±4.67）g的建鲤210尾,随机分成7组,每组3个重复,每个重复10尾鱼,并以重复为单位养殖于室内水族箱中（3.0 m×0.8 m×0.8 m）。各组鱼分别投喂相应试验饲料1周后,采用虹吸法收粪,测定营养物质的表观消化率。结果表明：建鲤对6种蛋白质原料中干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、总氨基酸、总磷和总能的表观消化率分别在63.11%-94.57%、66.51%-92.85%、66.48%-88.32%、69.73%-93.20%、29.04%-98.92%和58.67%-91.92%。其中,玉米蛋白粉中各营养物质的表观消化率均为最高,且显著高于其他试验原料（P〈0.05）。粗蛋白质表观消化率中,膨化羽毛粉最低,仅为66.51%,其他试验原料都在75%以上。蛋白肽中磷的表观消化率为54.13%,其他依次为膨化羽毛粉、蚕蛹粉、血粉,且都高于40%,而酶解羽毛粉的最低,仅29.04%。由此可见,玉米蛋白粉可作为建鲤的优质蛋白质源,且在实际生产中可部分替代鱼粉;而羽毛粉的营养成分由于加工工艺的不同而有所不同,建鲤对其的表观消化率差异很大,因此在配制饲料前需对其进行营养价值的评定。

Apparent digestibility of dry matter（DM）,crude protein（CP）,ether extract（EE）,amino acid（AA）,total phosphorus（TP） and gross energy（GE） of blood meal,silkworm pupa meal,expanded feather meal,hydrolyzed feather meal,protein peptide and corn gluten meal were determined for Jian carp（Cyprinus carpio var.Jian） in this experiment.The trial diets were consisted in 70% basal diet and 30% test ingredient containing 0.5% chromic oxide as an inter marker.Two hundred and ten fish with the average body weight of（220.53±4.67） g were randomly divided into 7 groups with 3 replicates per group and 10 fish per replicate.Fish in each replicate were reared in an indoor aquarium（3.0 m×0.8 m×0.8 m）.After 1 week feeding with trial diets,the fecal samples were collected by siphon,then the apparent digestibility of nutrients were determined.The results showed that the apparent digestibility of DM,CP,AA,EE,TP and GE for Jian carp were ranged from 63.11% to 94.57%,66.51% to 92.85%,69.73% to 93.20%,66.48% to 88.32%,29.04% to 98.92% and 58.67% to 91.92%,respectively.The apparent digestibility of nutrients in corn gluten meal were the highest,which is significantly higher than those in other test ingredients（P〈0.05）.The apparent digestibility of CP in expanded feather meal was the lowest（66.51%） and the ones in other ingredients were more than 75%.The apparent digestibility of TP in protein peptide was 54.13% and the ones in blood meal,silkworm pupa meal and expanded feather meal were all above 40%,while the one in hydrolyzed feather meal was the lowest（29.04%）.In conclusion,corn gluten meal is a high quality protein source for Jian carp,and it can be used to instead of part of fish meal in actual feed production.While,because of the different produce processes of feather meal,the nutrient composition is different among the products,and that lead to the different apparent digestibility.So,the nutrient composition of these feed ingredients should be evaluated before formulating diets.