国际R&D、吸收能力与对外直接投资逆向技术溢出——基于我国省际面板数据的实证研究

International R&D, Absorptive Ability and Reverse Technology Spillover of OFDI:Empirical Evidence Based on Panel Data from China

利用2003-2008年我国的省际面板数据,研究了对外直接投资的逆向技术溢出及人力资本吸收能力对其的影响。研究结果表明,现阶段对外投资传导的国际R&D对国内技术进步、技术效率和全要素生产率均无显著正向影响,对外投资的积极逆向溢出效应还未显现。分区域的回归结果显示,对外投资对我国各省区的逆向溢出存在明显差异,对外投资显著促进了东部和中部地区的全要素生产率增长,对西部地区的全要素生产率增长则无显著影响。东部地区的高水平人力资本显著提升了对外投资的逆向技术溢出效果,中西部地区人力资本却没有起到相应的促进作用。

This paper estimates the reverse technology spillover effect of China＇ s Outward Foreign Direct Investment and the effect of human capital absorptive ability by using provincial panel data from 2003 to 2008. The empirical result reveals that the international R＆D from OFDI doesn＇ t have significant impact on the domestic total factor productivity, technical progress and technical efficiency. China＇ s OFDI hasn＇ t brought about positive reverse technology spillovers. The regional regression results show that there is a large difference in reverse technology spillover among regions of China. OFDI has promoted the total factor productivity of Eastern China and Central China, but doesn＇ t have significant impact on the total factor productivity of Western China. Furthermore, the paper finds that the human capital of Eastern China has significantly promoted the reverse technology spillover effect, but the human capital of Western China and Central China doesn＇ t play the similar role.