篇章学的可接受性与文学批评的接受理论

Acceptability Theory in Text Linguistics and Reception Theory in Literary Criticism

篇章语言学的可接受性理论和文学批评的接受理论都研究作者、作品和接受者的关系。可接受性研究的目的是评价篇章的优劣,提醒生产者在生产篇章时注意到接受者的参与,从而创造合适、得体的篇章,强调"心理操作过程",较为科学;文学批评的接受理论则更多强调读者的反应本身,对于接受过程所表现的心理机制缺乏可操作性分析程序,易流于主观随意。文学的接受批评完全有可能汲取篇章学研究方法,使其更加科学。本文探讨两者的共通之处,寻求其间对话的可能。

Both acceptability theory in text linguistics and reception theory in literary criticism study the relations of the writer,the text and the reader.The aim of acceptability study is to evaluate the text to help text producers to produce suitable texts by paying proper attention to the participants in text communication,emphasizing mental operation process which makes it scientific in methodology,while reception theory in literary criticism pays too much attention to the reader's response itself and somewhat lacks operant mechanisms in its analysis of receiving process on the part of readers,which makes it arbitrary in methodology.It is possible and necessary for literary reception theory to refer to the analytical methods of text linguistics in its critical practice to improve its scientificity.This paper tries to find out what the two theories have in common and seek the places where they can possibly have dialogues and cooperate.