中国秆野螟属昆虫线粒体COⅠ基因遗传多样性及其分子系统学研究(鳞翅目:草螟科)

Genetic diversity and phylogeny of the genus Ostrinia(Lepidoptera:Crambidae)inhabiting China inferred from mitochondrial COⅠ gene

以mtDNA-COⅠ基因作为分子标记,研究了中国分布秆野螟属(Ostrinia)8种螟虫的分子系统学和系统进化。结果表明:秆野螟属昆虫COⅠ基因全长1 545 bp,编码514个氨基酸,COⅠ基因全部核苷酸位点中多态性位点占6.08%,氨基酸突变率为3.11%。碱基转换数(Ts)明显高于颠换数(Tv)。总体上,秆野螟属COⅠ基因序列相似度较高,种内差异明显小于种间差异,种内不同地理种群遗传距离在0.000 6～0.005 2之间,种间遗传距离为0.007 1～0.050 5。分别采用UPGMA法、NJ法和MP法构建秆野螟属分子系统树,结果显示,物种间进化关系基本一致:8种螟虫明显分为2个大群,即虎杖螟(O.latipennis(Warren))与其他种亲缘关系最远,单独形成一个大群,亚洲玉米螟(O.furnacalis(Guenée))等7个物种聚在一起形成另外一个大群。在第2大群中,刺菜螟(O.zealis(Guenée))与其他种类亲缘关系最远,单独形成一支,为一亚群,而亚洲玉米螟等6个种聚在一起形成一大丛,为另一亚群。在第2亚群中,亚洲玉米螟不同地理种群首先聚在一起形成一亚亚群;而欧洲玉米螟(O.nubilalis(Hüber))等5个种聚在一起形成另外一亚亚群,其中麻螟(O.narynensis(Mutuura&Munroe))与酒花螟(O.kurentzovi(Mutuura&Munroe))亲缘关系最近聚在一起,二者与欧洲玉米螟、苍耳螟(O.orientalis(Mutuura&Munroe))、豆秆野螟(O.scapulalis(Walker))聚在一起。这些分子系统进化关系与形态学结果基本一致,是对传统形态系统学研究的有力支持。

The molecular phylogeny of 8 Chinese species of the genus Ostrinia was conducted inferred from complete mtDNA-COⅠgene sequence,which was 1 545 bp in length,encoding 514 amino acids.The results showed that there were 6.08% polymorphic loci in the full length of COⅠgene and 3.11% mutation loci in the amino acids.The transitional base was obviously higher than the transversional base.As a whole,there was a high sequence similarity in COⅠgene,and the genetic distance among geographic populations intraspecies（0.000 6-0.005 2）was obviously lower than interspecies（0.007 1-0.050 5）.The dendrograms of the partial Chinese Ostrinia inferred respectively by UPGMA,Neighbor-joining（NJ）and Maximum parsimony（MP）methods showed that there were 2 distinct clades in the Chinese Ostrinia：the first one including O.latipennis alone and the second one consisting of O.furnacalis,O.nubilalis,O.zealis,O.narynensis,O.kurentzovi,O.scapulalis and O.orientalis.In the second clade,O.zealis formed a subclade alone,and the other 6 species formed another subclade.The topological structures of the dendrograms were consistent with the phylogenetic relationship based on morphological analysis.