饲粮添加姜粉对肉牛营养物质消化吸收的影响

Dietary Ginger Powder Affects Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients in Beef Cattle

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加姜粉对肉牛营养物质消化吸收的影响。选择年龄、体重[(400±20)kg]相近,安装有永久性瘤胃、十二指肠近端和回肠末端瘘管的鲁西黄牛阉公牛4头,采用4×4拉丁方设计,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,3个试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.5、1.0和1.5 g/kg生姜粉的试验饲粮。试验分4期完成,每期21 d,其中预试期15 d,正试期6 d。结果表明:1)饲粮添加0.5、1.0和1.5 g/kg的姜粉显著降低了回肠和直肠中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量(P<0.05),十二指肠NDF含量有降低的趋势(P=0.079);与对照组相比,添加1.0和1.5 g/kg姜粉显著降低了瘤胃和直肠的酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量(P<0.05)。2)饲粮添加1.0 g/kg姜粉显著提高了干物质(DM)、NDF、ADF、有机物(OM)和粗蛋白质(CP)在各消化道段的流通量(P<0.05);饲粮添加1.5 g/kg姜粉显著降低了粗脂肪(EE)在直肠和回肠中的流通量(P<0.05)。3)饲粮添加1.5 g/kg姜粉的组DM、NDF、ADF和EE消失率显著高于添加1.0 g/kg姜粉的组(P<0.05)。总之,低剂量(0.5和1.0 g/kg)的姜粉可提高营养物质的流通量,降低营养物质的消化吸收;高剂量(1.5 g/kg)的姜粉可以降低营养物质的流通量,提高营养物质的消化吸收。

The trial was designed to investigate the effects of ginger powder supplementation on digestion and absorption of nutrients in beef cattle.Four Luxi cattle with similar age and body weight [（400±20） kg] fitted with permanent rumen,duodenum and terminal ileum fistula were used in a 4×4 Latin square.Cattle in the control group were fed basal diet,and those in experimental groups were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.5,1.0 and 1.5 g/kg ginger powder,respectively.The trial consisted of 4 periods with 21 d per period（preliminary trial period lasted for 15 d,trial period lasted for 6 d）.The results showed as follows： 1） dietary ginger powder by 0.5,1.0 and 1.5 g/kg significantly reduced the neutral detergent fiber（NDF） content in the ileum and rectum（P0.05） and tended to reduce the NDF content in the duodenum（P=0.079）;compared with the control group,dietary ginger powder by 1.0 and 1.5 g/kg significantly decreased the acid detergent fiber（ADF） content in the rumen and rectum（P0.05）.2） Dietary ginger powder by 1.0 g/kg significantly increased the flow flux of dry mattet（DM）,NDF,ADF,organic matter（OM） and crude protein（CP） in different segments of digestive tract（P0.05）;dietary ginger powder by 1.5 g/kg significantly reduced the flow flux of EE in the rectum and ileum（P0.05）.3） Compared with dietary ginger power by 1.5 g/kg,the disappearance ratio of DM,NDF,ADF and ether extract（EE） in digestive tract of dietary ginger power by 1.5 g/kg were significantly higher（P0.05）.In conclusion,low doses（0.5 and 1.0 g/kg） of ginger powder can improve the flow flux of nutrients and reduce the digestion and absorption of nutrients,while high doses（1.5 g/kg） of ginger powder can decrease nutrients flow flux and improve digestion and absorption of nutrients in beef cattle.