敌敌畏和高脂对香猪肝肾及动脉损伤机理分析

Analysis of Lesions Caused by Dichlorvos and High Fat Diet in Xiang Pig

为了探讨亚中毒剂量有机磷杀虫剂长期作用对猪体造成损害的机理,选择香猪作为实验动物,随机分为对照组、敌敌畏处理组和高脂处理组,饲养12个月后,分析香猪的肝、肾、动脉病理切片和相关酶活性变化。经预试验确定敌敌畏的亚中毒剂量为2.5mg.(kg.2d)-1。以此剂量长期作用12个月后,敌敌畏能导致香猪严重的肝、肾细胞损伤,并使血清胆碱酯酶活性降低,对氧磷酯酶活性及其mRNA水平极显著下降(P<0.01),但对大动脉组织结构、血脂水平和体质量的影响不明显。高脂处理组中,香猪的体质量明显增加(P<0.05),同时血清胆碱酯酶活性、血清总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白水平均上升(P<0.05),对氧磷酯酶活性及其基因的表达量下降(P<0.05)。此外,大动脉血管壁内侧形成明显的脂质斑块和血栓;肝细胞受到一定损害,而肾组织受到的影响较小。研究结果提示,敌敌畏和高脂通过不同的途径刺激机体氧化应激反应,抑制对氧磷酯酶的活性;亚毒剂量的敌敌畏长期作用对肝肾造成的严重损害,提示应对猪场环境及饲料中的有机磷农药污染给予高度重视。

In order to explore the possible mechanisms of organophosphorus insecticide in pig,healthy Xiang pigs were divided randomly into three groups,dichlorvos,high fat diet and control group.After 12 months feeding,we analyzed the changes of pathology and related enzyme activity in liver,kidney and artery,respectively.The sub-toxic dosage of dichlorvos was determined to be 2.5 mg·（kg·2d）-1 by preliminary experiments.The results showed that dichlorvos damaged the liver and kidney cells of Xiang pig,and decreased activities of cholinesterase（ChE） and paraoxonase1（PON1） significantly（P0.01）,whereas there is no significantly effect on the artery,serum lipid levels and body weight.In the high fat diet group,the body weight,the level of ChE,total cholesterol（TC）,low density lipoprotein（LDL） and high density lipoprotein（HDL） were increased obviously（P0.05） than control,while the activity of PON1 and its mRNA level were decreased（P0.05）.Furthermore,atherosclerosis lesion（AS） in carotid was observed,but the lesion in liver and kidney in the high fat diet group was not as seriously as that in the dichlorvos group.It illustrated that both of dichlorvos at sub-toxic dosage and high fat diets could stimulate the oxidative stress reaction and inhibit the PON1 activity by different pathway.Therefore,it should be pay more attention on the organophosphorus pollution to prevent the lesion in pig individuals.