低浓度砷染毒大鼠红细胞膜蛋白的变化

The effects of low-level arsenic exposure on erythrocyte membrane proteins in rats

目的分析比较低浓度砷染毒大鼠红细胞膜蛋白的改变,探索慢性砷中毒的早期生物标志物。方法 140～160 g健康雄性SD大鼠40只,随机分为对照组,10、60和360μg/L砷染毒组;采用自由饮用含砷水染毒;染毒30 d后,腹主动脉采血;检测分析大鼠红细胞参数和红细胞膜蛋白改变。结果与对照组相比,各染毒组大鼠红细胞参数尚未发生异常改变(P>0.05)。360μg/L砷染毒组大鼠锚蛋白含量较对照组明显减少(P<0.01)。随染毒剂量增加,各组大鼠带3蛋白表达呈现增加趋势,且360μg/L砷染毒组的增加有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论低浓度砷染毒可对大鼠红细胞膜蛋白产生毒作用,使其膜蛋白含量发生变化。低浓度砷暴露大鼠红细胞膜蛋白的损伤较其细胞数量和体积的变化出现更早,红细胞膜蛋白可能是慢性砷中毒的早期生物标志物。

Objective To analyze and compare the changes of the erythrocyte membrane proteins in rats exposed to low levels of arsenic and to explore the potential biomarkers of chronic arsenic poisoning.Methods Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats（140-160 g） were divided randomly into 4 groups： control group,10 μg/L As treatment group,60 μg/L As treatment group and 360 μg/L As treatment group.The As treatment groups were exposed to sodium arsenite dissolved in drinking water.And the rats of control group drink ordinary clean tap water.All animals were anesthetized and collected blood samples from the abdominal aorta after exposure arsenic for 30 days to.The rat red blood cell parameters were measured using the MEK-6318K automated hematology analyzer.The erythrocyte membrane proteins were separated by sodium dedecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis（SDS-PAGE）.Results Compared with the control group,the abnormal changes did not occurred in red blood cell parameters of treatment groups（P〈0.05）.Compared with the control group,ankyrin content decreased in the 360 μg/L dose group（P〈0.01）.With exposure levels rising,band 3 protein expression presented an increase trend in the treatment groups,and the increase was statistically significant in the 360 μg/L dose group（P〈0.05）.Conclusions Low levels of arsenic exposure could induce a toxic effect on the RBC membrane proteins of rats,and thereby lead to changes in the proteins content.The injuries of RBC membrane proteins appeared earlier than the abnormal changes of its cell number and volume in rats of arsenic exposure.Erythrocyte membrane proteins might be the early biological markers in patients of chronic arsenic poisoning.