中国制成品出口比较优势及贸易结构研究

On the Comparative Advantage and Trade Structure of Chinese Exports

本文在144种制成品按技术含量分类的基础上，对1999--2009年期间我国制成品的出口比较优势及其稳定性、出口贸易结构及其变动程度进行了研究。研究结果表明：（1）我国出口产品在美国市场上的整体比较优势小于在世界市场上的比较优势；（2）无论是在世界市场还是在美国市场上，我国出口中具有比较优势的产品种类越来越多，出口比较优势变得更加稳定成熟，但是，这些产品主要是低技术含量制成品；（3）原本在我国制成品出口中占绝对优势地位的低科技含量制成品逐渐被高科技含量制成品所取代，目前高技术含量制成品已经成为我国第一大类出口产品。

Based on 144 manufactured products, this paper analyzes the comparative advantage and trade structure of Chinese exports during 1999--2009. We find the following results. （1） Chinese export products have greater comparative advantage in the world market than in the US market. （2） The number of Chinese products that have comparative advantage in the world and US markets is increasing, but most of the products are low-tech products. （3） High-tech products have replaced low-tech products and become the top export commodities.