p53基因多态性与乳腺癌的相关性研究进展

Study on p53 codon 72 polymorphism in patients with breast cancer

乳腺癌为危害妇女生命健康的恶性肿瘤之一，肿瘤抑制基因p53是迄今发现的与人类恶性肿瘤关系最密切的基因之一。位于p53基因第4外显子上的第72位密码子多态性与多种肿瘤密切相关，是近年来研究的热点。国内关于p53基因多态性的研究多为肺癌、子宫颈癌、食管癌、卵巢癌等方面，乳腺癌方面的报道少见。现就其与乳腺癌相关性的生物学功能作一总结。

Breast cancer is the most frequent malignant tumors in women, The p53 gene is found to be one of the most closely associated tumor-suppressor genes in human malignant tumors. Some studies have shown an association between polymorphisms at the forth exon （codon 72） and human malignancies recently. At present, the domestic investigations concerned the p53 polymorphisms mainly in lung cancer, uterocervical cancer, esophagus cancer, ovarian cancers, but the studies in breast cancer are rare in domestic. The correlation between the genotypes of p53 codon 72 polymorphism and breast cancer were reported.