配电网重要电力用户停电损失及应急策略

Power Supply Interruption Cost of Important Power Consumers in Distribution Network and Its Emergency Management

重要电力用户的停电损失占配电网总体停电损失的绝大部分。建立了重要电力用户的配电网负荷模型、系统模型和费用损失模型,对系统可靠性和经济性进行了分析。从设计用户调查表入手,建模确定生产过程复杂、损失巨大的大工业类用户及其它类用户的停电损失函数,从而建立负荷模型。采用故障模式后果分析法选取正确的配电系统可靠性指标对负荷点可靠性进行计算,从而建立系统模型。根据负荷点停电损失评价率建立费用损失模型。针对网络3种不同接线方式下各负荷点和系统可靠性及停电损失进行估算,结果验证了上述3种模型的有效性和准确性,提出在重要电力用户处配置分布式电源是一种有效减少配电网损失、提高社会应急能力的方法。

In distribution network, the outage loss of important power consumers occupies the vast majority of the total outage losses. For this reason, the important power user-based load model, the system model and the outage loss cost model, by which the reliability of distribution network and its economy are analyzed, are built. Beginning with the designing of user questionnaires, the outage loss functions for big industrial consumers, whose production process is complex and their losses caused by interruption are huge, and consumers in other categories are determined, then the load models are built. Utilizing consequences analysis on failure modes, correct reliability indices of distribution network are chosen to compute the reliabilities of load points, thus the system model is built. According to outage loss evaluation rates of load points, the outage loss cost model is built. The reliabilities of load points and system reliability as well outage loss are estimated under three different connection modes, and the effectiveness and accuracy of above-mentioned models are verified by estimation results. It is pointed out that the adoption of distribution generation （DG） is an effective approach to reduce the outage loss in distribution network and improve social emergency capability.