北流市2005-2010年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Surveillance and analysis on adverse events following immunization in Beiliu city from 2005 to 2010

目的对北流市2005-2010年疑似预防接种异常反应发生的特征进行分析,评价我市AEFI监测系统运转情况以及纳入国家免疫规划疫苗的安全性和预防接种服务质量。方法通过中国免疫规划监测信息管理系统和儿童预防接种信息管理系统收集2005-2010年报告的个案数据,采用描述性方法对相关指标进行流行病学分析。结果全市2005-2010年共报告AEFI57例,其中≤1岁儿童37例,占64.91%,其中3～5月龄最多15例,占26.32%。男性多于女性,男女性别比为2.17∶1.00。发生AEFI前一位的疫苗卡介苗,占28.07%,接种1剂次发生50.88%,接种小于24h发生的占54.39%。一般反应占28.07%,异常反应占52.63%,其他占19.30%。临床损害3例为淋巴结炎、过敏性皮疹、无菌性脓肿,治愈47例,占82.46%。结论全市基层人员AEFI报告意识逐年加强,全市AEFI监测的完整性和敏感性也逐年提高,但仍有少数医务人员不够重视,监测质量有待进一步提高。AEFI主要发生的疫苗为NIP疫苗,尤其是扩大国家免疫新增疫苗,AEFI常发生在小年龄儿童、首剂接种和接种早期,为AEFI监测的重点。

Objective To analysis the characteristics of adverse events following immunization（AEFI） in Beiliu city during 2005 to 2010,evaluation the operation status of AEFI monitoring systems and the quality of vaccination service and the safety of national immunization program vaccine.Method Collecting the individual case data from China immunization programs monitoring information management system and children vaccination information management system during 2005 to 2010.Using descriptive methods to epidemiological analysis the correlated indicators.Results 157 AEFI cases had reported in 2005 to 2010.37 patients were less than 1 year old and accounted for 64.91%,among them,15 patients were at the age of 3 to 5 months and accounted for 26.32%.Male was more than female,the ratio of male to female was 2.17∶ 1.AEFI occurred before vaccine BCG,accounted for 28.07%,inoculated 1 dose was 50.88%,vaccination less than 24 hours accounted for 54.39%.The general response accounted for 28.07%,paradoxical reaction accounted for 52.63%,and other was 19.30%.Clinical damage were lymphadenitis,allergic rash,aseptic abscesses,47 cases cured,accounted for 82.46%.Conclusions AEFI report consciousness of basic level staff was strengthen,the sensitivity and integrality of AEFI monitoring improved year by year,but still some of medical staff did not pay enough attention to the report,and monitoring quality need to further improved too.The emphasis of AEFI monitoring were young children,first dose vaccination and the early of vaccination.