变法的前夜:秦国墨学与商鞅变法的社会史考察

The Eve of Reform:A Socio-historical Analysis of the Qin Mohism and ShangYang Reform

从献公时期秦国的社会制度和社会需要的角度再次审视商鞅变法,一方面对其制度的变革进行纵向的溯源探究,另一方面对其制度所彰显的思想进行深入分析。我们关注到了一个被学界所忽略的重要因素——秦墨学。献公时期,秦墨者实施了建设具备军事职能的县和什伍连坐制度,这两项制度对后来商鞅变法措施中的郡县制度和什伍连坐制度的成功起到了基础性作用,秦墨学为商鞅变法的成功提供了制度上的影响和基础性作用。

The article reexamines the origin and ideology of Shang Yang reform from the perspectives of social system and social demand at the time when Xian Gong was the King of the Qin kingdom during the Warring States Period. It pays special attention to the Qin Mohism, which is ignored in the academic field. At that time, the Qin Mohists developed the military county and the ＂Shiwu punishment system＂ which paved the way for the similar practices by Shang Yang later. In other words, the Qin Mohism was of great institutional and fundamental significance to the success of Shang Yang＇s reform.