考虑风剪切的1.3MW风力机整机三维定常流动数值研究

Numerical Study on 3D Steady Flow of a 1.3 MW Wind Turbine Considering Wind Shear Factor

分别采用均匀风和剪切风对1.3 MW失速调节风力机整机在8 m/s和13 m/s来流风速下的绕流流场进行全三维定常数值模拟。根据模拟结果分析叶片不同截面的压力系数分布、沿叶展方向的功率分布、风轮三维流场细节、风轮下游不同距离处的静压分布和二维相对速度矢量分布情况。结果表明:剪切风下,风力机功率计算值与设计值吻合较好;在靠近叶根处,适当地减小有效攻角可提高翼型气动性能,选择适应较大攻角的翼型,可以提高叶根处的输出功率;在靠近叶尖的部位,适当增加有效攻角,同时选择适应小攻角的翼型可以提高叶尖处的输出功率;在叶根部位,发生了明显的流动分离;塔架与轮毂所在位置的下游尾迹处产生的漩涡和干扰要远远大于叶轮面其他部位。

A numerical simulation on 3D steady flow around a 1.3 MW stall-regulated wind turbine was carried out at wind speeds of 8 m/s and 13 m/s respectively under uniform and shear wind conditions,based on which following factors were analyzed,such as the pressure coefficient distribution at different sections,the loading distribution along the span of rotor blade,the 3D flow detail of wind rotor,the static pressure distribution and the 2D velocity vector distribution at different sections in the z-direction.Results show that the simulated data of turbine power agree well with that of the design under shear wind conditions;the power output at blade root can be increased by properly reducing the effective attack angle to improve the aerodynamic performance or by choosing an airfoil with a large attack angle for the root area;whereas at the blade tip,the power output can be increased by raising the effective attack angle properly or by choosing an airfoil with a smaller attack angle;obvious flow separation occurs at blade root;the wake vortex and its disturbance in the downstream of tower and hub are much larger than those in other areas of impeller.