渭河流域校园生活污水的低耗高效脱氮除磷试验研究

A STUDY ON LOW ENERGY CONSUME AND HIGH EFFICIENCY OF SIMULTANEOUSLY REMOVING NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS OF THE WASTEWATER FROM UNIVERSITY CAMPUS IN THE WEI RIVER BASIN

采用厌氧、好氧交替运行的序批式活性污泥(SBR)对碳源相对不足的校园实际生活污水进行中试,旨在为社园区生活污水的低耗高效脱氮除磷SBR运行控制提供指导。结果表明,通过对厌氧、好氧时段进行合理设置,在无需外加碳源条件下,实现了COD和NH3-N、TN、PO43--P的高效去除,平均去除率分别达83%和94%、70%、97%,出水中有机物和氮的含量达到GB 18918-2002一级B要求,而且TP的质量浓度也低于0.5 mg.L-1。DO的质量浓度在好氧段末端维持在2 mg.L-1,可实现DO含量梯度和好氧硝化反硝化、反硝化聚磷,达到"一碳两用"的效果,表明合理控制污泥龄和DO是实现SBR同步脱氮除磷的关键。

The domestic wastewater of campus and community is general dispensable of carbon source with low C/N and C/P, so it＇s usually difficult to carry out high efficiency of removing nitrogen and phosphorus. In this study, campus domestic sewage was investigated by pilot-plant-scale tests using alternate anaerobic-aerobic conditions of sequencing batch reactor （SBR）, in order to provide guidance for nitrogen and phosphorus removal in domestic sewage with low energy consume and high efficient in SBR. By setting reasonable anaerobic/aerobic period, the system achieved efficient removal of organic, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and orthophosphate even without additional carbon source added. The average removal rates were 83%, 94%, 70% and 97% respectively. The effluent of organic and nitrogen concentration not only reached one class grade B of the standard of GB18918--2002, but also made the total phosphorus concentration less than 0.5 mg.L-1. By controlling DO which can rise to 2 mg.L-1 of maximum at the end of aerobic period, the system can realize simultaneous nitrification-denitrification and denitrifying phosphorus accumulating. It also achieved the result of ＂one-carbon for dual-use＂, The results shows that reasonable controls of sludge age and dissolved oxygen are key to remove nitrogen and phosphorus simultaneously in SBR system.