阿片受体激动剂预处理对器官缺血／再灌注损伤的保护作用

Protective effects of pharmacological preconditioning with opioid receptor agonists in ischemia/reperfusion-induced organ injury

背景μ．κ、δ、ε、σ及λ等多种阿片受体广泛存在于体内各器官，它们各自有其特异的内源性配体，发挥不同的生物效应，其对缺血，再灌注损伤（ischemia／reperfusion injury，I／RI）器官的保护作用已引起医学界的广泛关注。目的综述阿片受体激动剂对I/RI器官的保护作用的研究进展。内容阿片受体激动剂可模拟缺血预处理（ischemic preconditioning，IPC），减轻缺血，再灌注（ischemia／repeffusion，I/R）对心脏、脑、肝脏和肾脏等器官的损伤程度，保护缺血后器官的功能。趋向阿片受体激动剂预处理对I／R器官的保护作用研究已取得一定的进展，为IPC的研究提供了新思路，但目前仍停留于动物实验阶段，其具体机制和疗效有待于进一步的临床实践应用证实。

Background A large number of opioid receptors, such as μ receptor, κ receptor, δ receptor, ε receptor, receptor and λ receptor exist in various organs widely. Each of them has their own endogenous ligand and functions respectively. Its protective effects in ischemia/reperfusion（I/R）- induced organ injury have aroused wide attention in medical field. Objective This review introduces the new progress on the protective effects of pharmacological preconditioning with opioid receptor agonists in I/R- induced organ injury. Content Opioid receptor agonists have been proved to simulate ischemic preconditioning （IPC）, attenuate the degree of ischemia/reperfusion injury （I/RI） and protect many organs＇ functions, such as heart, brain, liver, kidney and so on. Trend Study of opioid receptors on protective effects in I/R-induced organ injury has made some progress. It provides a new method for study on IPC. However, these studies were still based on animal experiments at present. More clinical practices are needed to prove the mechanisms and effects of opioid receptor agonists.