上海古典园林曲水园空间结构中的网络特征

Network System of Spatial Structure in Qushui Yuan

通过运用网络和语言学的一些方法与理论,揭示了上海古典园林曲水园空间结构的网络特征及其三要素:单元空间(结点)/边界/联结。正是这种网络结构中的相似性和复杂性形成了曲水园中"藏与寻"的不尽之美。如果没有这种网络系统,园子将会失去诗意的连贯性、整体性以及内在情感表达的依存。尽管这一几何模型不能解释园林中所有的复杂现象和深层意义,但是这一网络模型不仅提供了一种重新洞察中国古典园林空间结构的手段和巧妙利用有限的土地空间资源的策略,而且为如何处理自然和人工环境之间的复杂关系以及重构人居环境的相似性、多样性与复杂性提供一种灵活可行的机制。

The paper focuses on the geometrical model of the complex spatial structure in a classical Shanghai garden. Through methods of network and linguistics, the author reveals that the network system in Qushui Yuan is composed of space cells, edges and linkages, which mainly gives rise to both physical and mind similarities, complexities between parts and whole and a great sense of endless model of ＂hide and seek＂. Without this system, the garden might lose the sense of poetic coherence and deep feeling. Although the geometrical model can＇t explain all kinds of intricate phenomena and meanings in the garden, the author argues that the network model not only provides a better insight into spatial structures of Shanghai gardens and alternative strategy to make an ingenious use of a limited land, but also offers a flexible, feasible approach in dealing with the complexity between chaos nature and built environments and in creating or re-establishing similarity and diversity in human habitat spaces of gardens.