文化哲学范式的历史渊源和发展

Historical Origin and Development of the Paradigm of Philosophy of Culture

透过对古希腊哲学史的发掘和近现代主要哲学流派思想的梳理和提炼可以发现,与以观察自然、宇宙形成"自然哲学观"相对应的还有一种以观察人自身所形成的"实践哲学观"、"政治哲学观"等为表现形式的"文化哲学观"。二者的区别并非停留于哲学的对象上,而且还表现在哲学理解的范式上。前者追求统一、同一、规律、绝对、一般,进而使哲学变成了"思辨哲学"、"理论哲学"、"意识哲学",而后者则关注差异、个别、特殊、相对、共通性等。

Based on the study of history of ancient Greece and main schools of thought in modern period,it is observed that contrasted with ＂view of philosophy of nature＂ with the observation of the formation of the nature and universe,there is a ＂view of philosophy of culture＂,which observes man and consists of ＂view of practical philosophy＂ and ＂view of political philosophy＂.The difference between the two not only lies in the object of study,but also the paradigm of understanding philosophy.The former pursues unity,sameness,law,absoluteness,and generality,leading philosophy into ＂speculative philosophy＂,＂theoretical philosophy＂,＂consciousness philosophy＂;the latter pays attention to difference,individuality,particularity,relativity and commonality.