地理邻近和组织邻近对产业集群创新影响效应——基于对我国汽车产业集群的实证研究

Effect of Geographical Proximity and Organisational Proximityon Innovations of Industrial Cluster:an Empirical Research Based on Automobile Industry Clusters in China

多维邻近性与创新是近年来西方学术界多学科关注的热点,但国内研究明显滞后。本文创造性地将组织邻近划分为横向组织邻近和纵向组织邻近两个维度,结合产业集群创新理论,探讨了地理邻近和组织邻近对集群创新的影响机制,并据此提出了5个待验假设;选取我国6大汽车产业集群的12家典型汽车生产集团近5年相关数据进行实证检验。得出结论:地理邻近对产业集群创新绩效产生正效应;纵向组织邻近对集群创新绩效产生负效应,而横向组织邻近为正效应;地理邻近与纵向组织邻近对集群创新绩效影响呈替代关系,与横向组织邻近呈互补关系;直接创新投入和集群发展水平都促进集群创新绩效提升。

Dimensions of proximity is the focus played close attentions by many disciplines in the west counties in recent years.Compared with our country,it is almost a bank status.From organizing the existing literature and clearing theoreties,organisational proximity is divided into horizontal organisational proximity and vertical organisational proximity for empirical research creatively for the frist time.Based on the related theories,this paper explores the influence mechanisms of proximities on industrical clusters.Upon completion of the discussion about the mechanism between the industry cluster innovation and proximities,this article proposes five hypothesizes.And the empirical tests are based on the datas of 12 auto production groups of 6 automobile industry clusters in China for recent five years.This paper can get following conclusions： geographic proximity has a positive influence on innovation performances of industrial cluser;vertical organizational proximity has a negative influence,while horizontal organisational proximity has a aggressive influence;there is substitution effect between geographical proximity and vertical organisational proximity,while complementary effect between geographical proximity and horizontal organisational proximity;the direct investment and the level of industrial cluster will promote the innovation performances of industrial cluster.