我国发展甘蔗燃料乙醇的战略思考

Analysis on the strategy development of sugarcane fuel ethanol in China

甘蔗和木薯是热带、亚热带作物,对山坡地、沙洲地和盐碱地等边际性土地有较强的适应性,在蔗糖主产区广西、云南、广东、海南等地广泛种植。木薯燃料乙醇面临原料供应不足、价格上涨的问题。文章分析了以甘蔗作为燃料乙醇原料具有的优势,同时对我国长期食糖需求及支撑食糖需求的土地潜力进行了研究。研究表明,与木薯原料相比,以甘蔗原料生产燃料乙醇具有单位土地面积产量高、综合利用价值高、节能减排效果好等优势,同时具有保护环境、稳定食糖价格等作用。只要食糖价格合理,在保证我国粮食安全与食糖安全的前提下,通过实施间套种技术,近期可以实现100万t甘蔗燃料乙醇的产能,远期的产能目标为200万～300万t。

Sugarcane and cassava are tropical,subtropical plants,which have a good suitability to marginal land such as alluvion,hillside and saline-analkaline land, and widely cultivated in main sugarcane producing area： Guangxi,Yunnan,Guangdong and Hainan province. Cassava fuel ethanol faced the problems that the yield of cassava was not sufficient for producing and price rising. The advantages of sugarcane as the raw material of fuel ethanol over cassava were analyzed in this paper. The long term demand of sugar and it＇s surport potential capacity of land in China were studied at the same timeo Compared to cassava,sugarcane had several advantages over cassava,which had a high yield ethanol per unit of land, high comprehensive utilization value,a better effective energy saving and reducing carbon dioxide emissions,while be beneficial for environmental protection and price stabilization.h showed that through intercropping technology that one million tons sugarcane fuel ethanol can be produced in near-term future and two - three millions forward by the guarantee of food ,sugar security and sugar price reasonable.