新疆油污土壤中石油烃降解菌筛选及鉴定

Screen and identification of oil-degrading bacteria from oil polluted soil in Xingjiang

目的从新疆克拉玛依油田油污土壤中筛选具有降解能力的菌株,为今后构建本源石油降解微生物菌群提供技术支持和菌种储备。方法通过以石油烃为唯一碳源的选择培养基的分离培养,获得能够利用石油烃为碳源的菌株,并通过16S rDNA序列测定方法对菌株进行鉴定。结果分离得到18株能以石油作为唯一碳源和能源的石油降解菌株,通过序列分析,初步鉴定为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)、动性球菌属(Planococcus sp.)、节杆菌属(Ar-throbacter sp.)、嗜冷杆菌(Psychrobacter sp.)、短杆菌属(Brevibacillus agri sp.)等5类。在不同土壤中分离出的降解菌株不同,含油量较高的土壤中种类较多。结论新疆克拉玛依油田油污土壤中的石油降解菌株以假单胞菌属为主,而且随着污染严重程度的不同降解菌株的种类也不同。

Objective To isolate and identify petroleum-degrading bacteria from oil-polluted soil in Karamay of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.Methods By enriching the polluted soil with petroleum hydrocarbons as the only carbon source,the oil-degradation bacterium from oil-contaminated soil was screened and identified by its 16S rDNA sequencing.Then basic local alignment search tool（BIAST）was used to indicate the sequence of the isolates from the GenBank.Results Totally 18 bacteria strains were isolated and identified from oil-polluted soil.The sequence of its 16S rDNA indicated that there were 98% of homology to the representative strains.The main strain were Pseudomonas sp.,Planococcus sp.,Arthrobacter sp.,Psychrobacter sp.,Brevibacillus agri sp.,and Brevundimonas sp..The bacteria strains from different oil-polluted soil were different and there were more bacteria strains in heavy oil-polluted soil.Conclusion The main strain was Pseudomonas sp.in oil-polluted soid and the bacteria strains were different in different oil-polluted soil.