教学用话筒头部球面微生物检测结果分析

Distribution of microorganism on surface of multimedia microphone head

目的检测教学用话筒头部球面微生物分布情况。方法无菌棉拭子采集标本,采用常规细菌培养与鉴定法检测细菌,采用直接免疫荧光法（DFA）检测多种呼吸道病毒抗原,采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）法对肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体、沙眼衣原体的特异性DNA核酸片段进行检测。结果话筒头部球面细菌学检出2~6个菌属,3~9个菌种,以葡萄球菌属、链球菌属、奈瑟菌属、棒状杆菌属、芽胞杆菌属为主,分别占17.33%~59.77%、21.21%~88.89%、15.78%~23.54%、5.67%~11.12%、2.08%~12.36%;其中2株鉴定为金黄色葡萄球菌;病毒学抗原检出腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、流感病毒A型、流感病毒B型、副流感病毒1型、副流感病毒2型、副流感病毒3型检出率分别为56.25%、87.50%、68.75%、81.25%、43.75%、43.75%、68.75%,PCR检出沙眼衣原体阳性1例,阳性率为6.25%;肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体未检出阳性结果。结论多媒体教学用话筒头部球体表面存在致病性微生物与条件致病性微生物,是一种潜在的呼吸道感染传播媒介。

Objective To investigate the variation and distribution of microorganism on the surface of microphone head.Methods The specimens were collected with sterilized swab scrubbing.The abundance and density of the microorganisms were detected with bacterial culture and identification tests.The antigen of respiratory virus was detected with direct fluorescence antibody（DFA） and the specific DNA of Mycoplasma pneumoniae,Chlamydiae trachomatis,and Chlamydophila pneumoniae were detected with polymerase chain reaction（PCR）.Results There were 3-9 bacterial species belonging to 2-6 genuses on the surface of microphone head.The positive detection rates of Staphylococcus,Streptococcus,Neisseria,Corynebacterium,and Bacillus were 17.33%-59.77%,21.21%-88.89%,15.78%-23.54%,5.67%-11.12%,and 2.08%-12.36%,respectively.The microorganisms detected were mainly normal bacteria of oral cavity and pharyngonasal cavity,as well as the common bacteria in the environment.The antigen positive rate was 56.25%,87.50%,68.75%,81.25%,43.75%,43.75%,and 68.75% for adenovirus,respiratory syncytial virus,influenza virus A,influenza virus B,parainfluenza virus 1,parainfluenza virus 2 and parainfluenza virus 3,respectively.The positive rate of Chlamydiae trachomatis was 6.25%.Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae were not checked out.Conclusion There were abundant microbial populations on the surface of microphone head,including pathogen and conditioned pathogen.The microphone is a potential vector associated with respiratory infections.