不同蜂花粉中磷脂成分的比较

Comparison of Phospholipid Composition of Bee Pollens from Flower Sources

采用薄层色谱、高效液相色谱分离测定蜂花粉中磷脂,并分析磷脂中不饱和脂肪酸的含量。结果表明:茶花、葵花、玫瑰、籽瓜、益母草蜂花粉中富含磷脂,其中茶花蜂花粉中总磷脂含量最高,主要由磷脂酰肌醇、磷脂酰丝氨酸、磷脂酰乙醇胺、磷脂酰胆碱及溶血卵磷脂组成;脂肪酸组成分析表明,蜂花粉中磷脂多不饱和脂肪酸含有较高含量的亚油酸和亚麻酸,5种蜂花粉磷脂中多不饱和脂肪酸含量均在50%以上,其中茶花蜂花粉磷脂中亚麻酸在脂肪酸含量中最高达56.0%。蜂花粉中多元不饱和磷脂具有广阔的开发前景。

The phospholipids in bee pollens from different flowers such as tea,sunflower,rose,seed melon and motherwort were extracted,separated by TLC and analyzed by HPLC.The fatty acid profiles in purified phospholipids were further analyzed by GC-FID.The results showed that all the bee pollens under investigation were rich in polyunsaturated phospholipids.Tea bee pollen exhibited the highest content of phospholipids,which mainly consisted of phosphatidylinositol（PI）,phosphatidylserine（PS）,phosphatidyl ethanolamine（PE）,phosphatidylcholine（PC） and lysophosphatidylcholine（LPC）.Polyunsaturated fatty acids with higher relative contents of linoleic acid and linolenic acid were found in bee pollen phospholipids.The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids was more than 50% in bee pollen from each source.The highest relative content of linolenic acid was found in tea bee pollen as 56.0%.Therefore,bee pollen can have a broad application prospect owing to the presence of phospholipids.