绞股蓝的繁殖特性和育苗技术

Propagation Characteristics and Seedling Breeding Techniques of Gynostemma pentaphyllum

绞股蓝是富含人参皂苷类物质的药食两用植物,其繁殖方式有无性繁殖、有性繁殖和组织培养。综述了绞股蓝的3种繁殖方式及其相应的育苗技术。自然营养繁殖和人工营养繁殖(地下茎分株、地上茎和叶的扦插及藤蔓压条)是绞股蓝无性繁殖的主要方式,有性繁殖即用种子进行繁殖,组织培养主要包括以茎尖、茎段和花芽为外植体的组培方式。绞股蓝的育苗技术为绞股蓝人工栽培提供了充足的种苗。

Gynostemma pentaphyllum is a kind of edible and medicinal plant which rich in ginsenoside; it has three propagation ways that includes asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction and tissue culture. The three propagation ways of Gynostemma pentaphyUum and its corresponding seedling breeding techniques were summarized as follows： the natural vegetative reproduction and the artificial vegetative reproduction, which including rhizome ramet, cutting of stem and leaf, and layering of vine, were the main ways of asexual reproduction for Gynostemma pentaphyllum; the sexual reproduction is using seeds to propagate; the tissue culture mainly is using stem shoot, stem and flower bud as explant. Therefore, seedling breeding techniques provide enough seedlings for artificial cultivation of Gynostemmapentaphyllum.