疟疾免疫记忆最新研究进展

Recent progress in malaria immune memory

抗原特异性的免疫记忆是获得性免疫的重要特征。初次感染后免疫系统对特异性抗原建立免疫记忆，再次遇到同种抗原后能够产生更快速和高强度的免疫应答。构建疫苗的理想目标是诱导长效免疫记忆的产生。目前，疟疾的预防和治疗策略不断受阻于耐药疟原虫虫株出现等问题。免疫记忆难以长期有效维持是疟疾感染的主要特征。然而，诱导、维持和活化免疫记忆细胞的分子机制尚未充分阐明。该文对疟疾免疫记忆研究进展作一综述，以期为疟疾疫苗的研制开发提供新的理论依据。

The hallmark of adaptive immunity is antigen-specific immunological memory. Immunological memory is a phenomenon that has been exposed to a pathogen and survived the infection the experience is ＇ remembered ＇ by the immune system. Upon re-exposure to the same pathogen an individual＇s immune response is more rapid and stronger so that the individual may experience no clinical systems of the infection. Indeed, all vaccines are predicated on the phenomenon of immunological memory. Malaria control has been continuously hampered by the re-emerging parasite resistance to newly introduced drugs. An important feature of malaria infection was difficult to effectively maintain long-term immune memory. However, the molecular mechanisms of induction, maintain and activation of memory cells remain unclear. Herein, this review highlighted the key aspects of malaria immune memory so as to provide theoretical basis for the development of effective malaria vaccines.