“三十而立”商兑

A Reflective Interpretation of "Independence at the Age of Thirty"

以往对孔子"三十而立"的疏解主要有三种:立于学、立于礼与立于道。其共同的问题是遮蔽了孔子思想对于中国文化早期发展演进的变革性意义,特别是与之相应的心路历程。之所以如此,是由于在不自觉中一直沿袭了汉代形成的主要将孔子看做是古先圣人之"骥尾"的诠释传统,而没有将孔子在轴心时代所做出的对中国文化的变革性贡献与其自我生命发展、超升的心路历程统一起来。"三十而立"更为合理的解释应当是"仁心的挺立"。

Past studies of Confucian maxim of ＂independence at the age of thirty＂ offered three different explanations： independence with learning,independence with propriety and independence with Tao.All the three explanations neglected the revolutionary importance of Confucian ideology to the early development and evolution of Chinese culture,particularly his corresponding psychological experience.This resulted from an unconscious succession of the interpretative tradition shaped in the Han Dynasty,which regarded Confucius as ＂the last＂ of the ancient sages.This interpretative tradition failed to integrate Confucian revolutionary contributions to Chinese culture in times of his dominance with the development of his personal life and transcending psychological experience.Therefore,a more proper interpretation of ＂independence at the age of thirty＂ should be ＂established with a benevolent mind＂.