几种野生食用菌中矿物质元素含量及其与土壤的相关性研究

Study on the Content of Mineral Element in Several Kinds of Wild Edible Fungi and the Correlation with the Soil

[目的]研究几种野生食用菌中矿物质元素含量及其与生长土壤的关系。[方法]采用原子吸收光谱法和火焰光度法初步测定了四川省广元地区滑子菇(Pholiota nameko)、青杠菌(Tricholoma quercicola Zange)、刷地菌(Ramaria flava)及其土壤中K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu 8种金属元素的含量。[结果]供试样品中富含人体必须的矿质元素,菌体中Ca、Mg、Fe含量较高。滑子菇含钙量高达4 848.6μg/g,Cu、Na含量相对较低,刷地菌Na含量仅为1.2μg/g。测试相对偏差RSD小于0.2%,标准曲线相关系数r在0.998 5～1.000 0,加标回收率为94.5%～106.0%。食用菌中矿物质元素含量与其生长环境具有一定的相关性。[结论]几种野生食用菌具有良好的营养价值,研究结果对所测几种食用菌的驯化栽培具有一定的参考意义。

[Objective] The content of the mineral elements in several kinds of wild edible fungi and the correlation with the soil were studied.[Method]The content of the eight kinds of mineral elements K,Na,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu in several kinds of wild edible fungi and the soil in Guangyuan Sichuan were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry and flame photometry.[Result] The necessary mineral elements were rich in the test sample,in which the content of Ca,Mg,Fe was higher,which the content of the Ca in Pholiota nameko reached to 4 848.6 μg/g,and the content of Ca,Na,was lower,which the content of Na in Ramaria flava was 1.2 μg/g.The test relative deviation（RSD） was less than 0.2%,the correlation coefficient of the standard curve（r） was between 0.998 5 and 1.000 0,and the recovery was 94.5%-106.0%.The content of the mineral elements in edible fungi have some relationship with the growth environment.[Conclusion] The several kinds of edible fungi had great nourishment value,and the results had some referred significance on the domestication and plant of several kinds of tested edible fungi.