秦皇岛海滨林场主要林分凋落物量及其季节动态

Composition and Seasonal Dynamics of Litter Falls of Major Forest Stands in Qinhuangdao Seaside Forest Farm

[目的]了解秦皇岛海滨林场主要林分凋落物的凋落量、组成及凋落节律。[方法]每月月底收集凋落物,按组分称量其干质量,计算林地的凋落量,分析其凋落节律。[结果]3种林分的年凋落量分别为刺槐林(3.411 t/hm2)、加杨林(2.680 t/hm2)、黑松林(1.823t/hm2);刺槐、加杨、黑松3种林分凋落物组成中落叶占绝对优势,分别占凋落物总量的72.97%、77.43%、83.21%;3种林分总凋落物量的月变化呈单峰模式,凋落物各组分动态表现出一定的节律,3种林分的落叶量均在10月出现峰值,落枝量主要集中在冬春季节,刺槐林落花量主要集中在4和5月,而落果量则集中在10月,加杨林落花量主要集中在3和4月,而落果量则集中在5月。[结论]该研究为人工林的合理经营、树种合理配置提供依据。

[Objective] The aim of the study was to understand the amount and rhythm of litter falls in three major forest stands in Qinhuangdao seaside forest farm.[Method] At the end of each month,the litter falls were collected and dry masses were weighed,it was to obtain the amount and rhythm of litter falls in three major forest stands.[Result] The annual litter production was in the sequence of R.pseudoacacia（3.411 t/hm2）,P.canadensis（2.680 t/hm2）,P.thunbergii（1.823 t/hm2）;The litter production of leaves of three forests（R.pseudoacacia;P.canadensis;P.thunbergii）occupied a higher percentage in the annual total litter production than that of other components,leaf litter production accounted for 72.97%,77.43%,83.21% of the total amount of litter respectively.The litter falls showed evident seasonal dynamics,pattern of monthly variation of the annual littermass followed unimodal in the three forests,leaf-litter peaked in October,twig-litter peaked in winter and spring;Flower-litter from R.pseudoacacia peaked in April to May,while fruit-litter peaked in September;Flower-litter from P.canadensis peaked in March to April,while fruit-litter peaked in May.[Conclusion]The study provided basis for reasonable business of plantation and reasonable allocation of tree.