洋葱移栽机夹苗机构的设计与运动仿真

Design and kinematic simulation of clip seedling mechanism for an onion seedling transplanter

针对我国洋葱移栽作业全部由人工完成，劳动强度大、生产效率低、栽植质量差、生产成本高的问题，设计一种洋葱移栽机的夹苗机构。对夹苗机构进行设计计算和理论分析，利用Pro／E进行三维建模和运动学仿真，MATLAB软件进行曲线拟合和数据分析，优化结构和运动参数。结果表明：影响移栽效果的3个主要N素分别为夹苗机构水平方向的运动范围、开合夹具顶端的开合范围和升降气缸与伸缩气缸活塞杆运动速度之比，优化得到各参数依次为0～53．3mm、0～27．8mm和1．0。取苗过程中，升降气缸上升到优化位置时，开合夹具在伸缩气缸作用下顺利伸出并打开，在回位弹簧作用下夹取洋葱苗；栽苗过程中，升降气缸下降到栽苗位置，两夹子打开，洋葱苗落入苗沟。夹苗机构满足设计和实际操作要求。

At present,transplantation of onion is done artificially in china,which causes labor-intensive,low productivity, poor quality planting and high production cost. In order to improve the efficiency of onion transplantation,a clip seedling mechanism was designed for transplanter of onion seedling. First, design calculations and theoretical analysis of clip seedling mechanism were carried on. And a 3-D parametric model and kinematic simulation of clip seedling mechanism were built up with Pro/E. Curve fitting and data analysis were built up with MATLAB. Then structure and motion parameters of the mechanism were optimized. The results show that the three main factors, influencing the effect of transplantation, are the range of motion of clip seedling mechanism, the opening-closing scope of opening-closing fixture and speed ratio of the lifting cylinder to telescopic cylinder. The corresponding parameters got by optimization are 0 - 53.3 mm,0- 27.8 mm and 1.0, respectively. Feasibility of program for the clip seedling mechanism is verified. This article provides a theoretical support for the design and testing of transplanter of onion seedling.