论日本和歌的美学特征——以张蓉蓓《古今集·日文序》的误译为契机

On the Aesthetic Characteristics of the Japanese Waka——Beginning with a Comment on Some Translation Errors by Zhang Rong-bei of Preface to the Japanese Version of Kokinshu

《古今集.日文序》是日本和歌史上一篇影响深远的古典歌论,其第一段前三句更是歌论史上的千古名言。张蓉蓓在汉译此处时,因受原文断句琐碎的影响而笔出误译。我们以此误译为契机并以《日文序》为根据,可以揭示出和歌的两大美学特征,即＂托思于物＂与＂真意秘藏＂。《古今集》全集便贯穿在这两大特征之中。《古今集》这部日本文学古典中之古典,既是日本文化本质的诗化象征,也是日本民族性格的传神写照。

Preface to the Japanese Version of Kokinshu is an influential commentary on classical poetry in the history of Japanese waka.The first 3 sentences in the first paragraph are especially well-known poetic comments in the waka history.Because of the complicated punctuations in the original text,it was almost impossible for Zhang Rongbei to avoid mistakes when translating this part.This thesis begins with the translation errors and,with its focus on Preface to the Japanese Version of Kokinshu,continues to explore two of the most prominent aesthetic characteristics of Japanese waka： embodiment of the thought in nature,and mystification of the true intent.The same two characteristics run through all Kokinshu.As the classic of Japanese literary classics,Kokinshu is a symbol of the poetic essence of the Japanese culture on one hand,and a vivid portrayal of the Japanese national character on the other.