澳洲坚果不同种质果实数量性状的研究

Fruit Quantitative Characters of Various Macadamia Germplasms

对28份澳洲坚果种质果实的16个数量性状进行研究。结果表明．澳洲坚果果实数量性状变异丰富．变异系数在4．04％～24．06％之间．变异幅度以带壳果果形指数最小、带壳果单粒于重最大。带皮果单粒鲜重、带皮果横径、带皮果纵径、带壳果单粒干重、带壳果横径、带壳果纵径、果壳厚度、果仁单粒干重和果仁横径等9个性状之间互呈极显著或显著正相关；一级果仁率与带皮果单粒鲜重、带皮果横径、带壳果单粒干重、带壳果纵径、果仁单粒干重、果仁横径等6个性状呈显著或极显著正相关；出仁率仅与果壳厚度呈极显著负相关。采用Pearson相关系数和类间平均法．基于果实数量性状的聚类分析可将28份澳洲坚果种质划分为4个不同性状表现的类群。

Sixteen fruit quantitative characters of 28 macadamia germplasm resources were studied. The results showed that the wide variation were among the fruit quantitative characters of macadamia with variation coefficient of 4.04%-24.06%. The variation range in fruit shape index of a single unshelled nut was the narrowest, while that in dry weight was the widest. There were extreme significant or significant positive relationships between the nine characters such as fresh weight, transverse diameter and vertical diameter in nut-in-husk, dry weight, transverse diameter and vertical diameter in nut-in-shell, dry weight and transverse diameter in kernel, and thickness in shell. The significant or extreme significant positive correlations were occurred between the percentage of 1st grade kernel and the six charcaters such as fresh weight and transverse diameter in nut-in-husk, dry weight and vertical diameter in nut-in-shell, and dry weight and transverse diameter in kernel. However, the percentage of kernel recovery was extreme noticeably correlated negatively with the thickness of shell. Using correlation coefficient of Pearson and the method of Between-group linkage, 28 macadamia germplasm resources were divided into four groups with different characters performances based on the hierarchical cluster analysis in fruit quantitative characters.