巢湖入湖河流分类及污染特征分析

Classification and Pollution Characteristic Analysis for Inflow Rivers of Chaohu Lake

为识别巢湖入湖河流主要污染特征和来源,以2008年入湖河流水质监测参数和河流入湖区藻类生物量数据为基础,采用多元统计方法对入湖河流进行了聚类和污染等级分级,并判别了湖区藻类生物量与河流营养盐输入负荷的关系.结果表明,入湖河流可分为3组,其水质分别受城市污染、水土保持和面源污染影响,其中城市污染控制型河流输入到巢湖中高锰酸盐指数、氨氮、总氮、总磷量分别占全部入湖河流污染负荷的41.29%、89.49%、72.27%和60.14%;因子分析显示有机污染是入湖河流主要污染来源,9条环湖河流污染分级排序为:南淝河>十五里河>派河>双桥河>柘皋河>裕溪河>白石山河>兆河>杭埠河;河流入湖区藻类生物量与入湖河流NH 4+-N、TN、TP的输入量呈正相关.

Based on main pollution sources and characteristics of inflow rivers of Chaohu Lake,the inflow rivers are clustered and the pollution levels are classified by statistical methods.In addition,the correlation between algal biomass and the river nutrients input loads is derived according to the inflow river water quality monitoring parameters and the Chl-a concentrations in lake areas.Results show that the inflow rivers are classified into three groups.Urban pollution,soil and water conservation,and non-point source pollution are the major factors which influence water quality respectively.The input loads of permanganate index,NH＋4-N,TN,TP from urban pollution rivers to the whole lake are 41.29%,89.49%,72.27% and 60.14% to all inflow rivers respectively.Organic pollution is the main pollution source of inflow rivers by factor analysis.The pollution rank of nine inflow rivers are as follows： Nanfei River〉Shiwuli River〉Paihe River〉Shuangqiao River〉Zhegao River〉Yuxi River〉Baishishan River〉Zhaohe River〉Hangbu River.The algal biomass and the NH＋4-N,TN,TP inputs of inflow rivers are positively correlated.