石棉控制法规及其检测方法

Review of Control Laws and Detection Methods for Asbestos

介绍了石棉的特性、危害,以及在建筑、纺织、设备制造业和国防工业等方面的应用情况。讨论了能够导致石棉肺、恶性间皮瘤、肺癌、支气管癌等恶性疾病的石棉纤维形态及进入人体的途径。对世界卫生组织、国际劳工组织、联合国环境规划署、联合国粮食及农业组织和世界贸易组织,以及美国、欧盟、日本、中国等40多个国家关于石棉控制法规的实施历程及现状进行了分析;同时对空气、饮用水、建筑材料和制品等实际样品中石棉的检测方法及标准化研究动态进行了评述。引用标准及学术文献91篇。

The characteristics of asbestos and its applications in the building,textile,equipment manufacturing and national defense industries are introduced in this paper.The shape and size of asbestos fiber which result in asbestosis,malignant mesothelioma,lung cancer and bronchial tube cancer,and the pathways into the human body are discussed.The control laws for asbestos around the world,such as the World Health Organization（WHO）,the International Labor Organization（ILO）,the United Nations Environment Programme（UNEP）,the Food and Agriculture Organization（FAO）,the World Trade Organization（WTO）,and more than 40 countries,are also discussed.Developments of detection methods of asbestos in the air,drinking water and building materials are reviewed using 91 publications as reference material.This information is valuable for environmental protection from asbestos.