临床实习护生就业压力与专业自我概念的关系研究

Study on relationship between employment pressure and professional self-concept of nursing students in clinical practice

[目的]调查实习护生的就业压力与专业自我概念水平,了解二者的相关性,为护生的就业指导提供理论依据。[方法]采用自制一般情况调查表、大学生就业压力问卷和护理专业自我概念量表对171名实习护生进行调查。[结果]临床实习护生就业压力总分为(2.75±0.67)分,6个因子得分由高到低依次为缺少求职帮助、就业竞争环境、就业心理预期、专业供求矛盾、职业素质评价和自我认识与定位;一般资料中家庭经济状况和学习成绩是影响就业压力的主要因素;护生专业自我概念总分为(2.83±0.46)分,其中灵活性得分最高,满意度得分最低;一般资料中学习成绩是影响专业自我概念的主要因素;护生就业压力水平与专业自我概念呈负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。[结论]临床实习护生专业自我概念对其就业压力有影响,实习医院应积极培养护生良好的专业自我概念,采取针对性措施缓解护生的就业压力,帮助其顺利就业。

Objective：To investigate the employment pressure and professional self-concept of nursing students in clinical practice, and know about the correlation between them, so as to provide theoretical evidences for the employment guidance for nursing students. Methods： A total of 171 nursing students were investigated by using the selfmade general situation ques- tionnaire, college students employment pressure questionnaire and nursing professional selfconcept scale. Results：The total score of employment pressure of nursing students in the clinical internship was（2.75 ±0.67）, 6 factors scores from high to low by turns respectively were Lack of job search assis- tance, employment competition environment, employment psychological ex- pectations, contradiction between professional supply and demand, professional quality evaluation and self - awareness and positioning; in the general information, the family economic status and learning achievement were the major factors influencing the employment pressure; the professional selfconcept score of nursing students was（2.83 ±0.46）, wherein the flexibility score was the highest,satisfaction score was the lowest;in the general infor- mation, the learning achievement was the main factor affecting the profes- sional self- concept ; nursing students＇ employment pressure level was negatively correlated with professional self- concept（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Conclusion：The professional self - concept of clinical practical nursing students may influence the employment stress, hospitals should actively cultivate students good professional self- concept,and take corresponding measures to alleviate the employment pressure of nursing students, so as to help them employment smoothly.