《儿女英雄传》、《型世言》第二人称代词比较研究

A Comparative Study of Second-Person Pronouns in The Tale of Heroic Sons and Daughters and The Panorama of Life or Xing Shi Yan

通过对《儿女英雄传》、《型世言》第二人称代词的对比研究,尤其是对"你"、"你们"、"尔"、"汝"的详细比较,我们发现:《儿女英雄传》中第二人称代词更加凸显出了"你、你们"一花独放的局面;《儿女英雄传》中代词双音节化越来越明显。原来单用的第二人称代词基本演化成双音节代词;《儿女英雄传》中第二人称代词,尤其是"你、你们"与其他短语的结合能力明显增强,其用法与现代汉语相比,已相差无几。

Through a comparative study of the second-person pronouns in The Tale of Heroic Sorts and Daughters and The Panorama of Life or Xing Shi Yan, especially a detailed comparison between hi, nimen, er and ru, we have come to the following conclusions： firstly, ni and nimen in the former are overwhelmingly used as second-person pronouns; secondly, the phenomenon of disyllablization of pronouns in the former becomes increasingly more evident, for the original mono-syllabic second-person pronouns have generaUy evolved into disyllabic pronouns; thirdly, clearly, second-person pronouns, especially ni and nimen in the former, have been more easily combined into other phrases. The usages of them are almost the same as those of modern Chinese.