论儒家思想的道德金律

Regarding the Moral Golden Rule in Confucianism

道德、社会价值观念和规范的社会特征是十分明显的。它们应该被理解为"标准的解释结构",以规范的方式或者描述性认知的方式被加以运用。这两种方式都是"有效的",并且都与特定的文化有关,虽然事实上有许多价值观念是跨文化的,比如所谓的"道德金律"。在儒家思想中,关于相互关系的准则(恕)在相当正式的通则中是一个最核心的准则,也是与其他准则和价值观念(仁、忠)紧密联系的一个"元层次"的准则。

The social character of the social values and norms is evident. The social values and norms should be understood as ＂standardized interpretative constructs＂ to be used either in a normative - or descriptive -cognition way. Both of them are ＂valid＂, and related to specific cultures, although some values, like the so -called Mora/Golden Rule, are in fact trans - cultural. In Confucianism, the rule of mutuality （ ＂shu＂, or forbearance） is a very central norm of the rather formal genera/ru/e, and a meta - level norm associated closely with other norms and values （ ＂ren＂, or benevolence, and ＂zhong＂, or loyalty）.