5种棕榈科植物花序轴的解剖学研究

Anatomical study of the inflorescence axises of the 5 palmae species

对5种棕榈科植物,即短穗鱼尾葵(Caryota mitiaLour)、江边刺葵(Phoenix roebeleniiO’Brien)、蒲葵(Livistona Chinensis(Jacq)R.Br)、假槟榔(Archontophoenix alexandrae(F.Muell)H.wendl)、竹节椰子(Chamaedorea seifrizii Burret)的花序轴横切面结构进行了比较研究.结果表明,它们在解剖学方面既存在共性特征,又各有其自身的特征.共性特征表现在:①花序轴横切面结构自外向内由表皮、基本组织和维管束组成;②维管束密集于横切面的中央,外面有机械组织包围形成的维管束鞘,维管束由外向内,先是韧皮部,后是木质部,没有形成层;③在表皮与中央维管束群之间的基本组织中散布着纤维束.但5种花序轴横切面维管束群的密集程度,纤维束的丰富程度,通气组织的有无等方面具有种间差异,可为棕榈科植物的分类关系提供佐证.

Using 5 species of palmae（Caryota mitia Lour,Phoenix roebelenii O＇Brien,Livistona Chinensis（Jacq）R.Br,Archontophoenix alexandrae（F.Muell）H.wendl,Chamaedorea seifrizii Burret）as samples,the anatomical structures of the inflorescence axises of 5 species are observed under light microscope.The results show that 5 species share some common anatomical characters：（1） The transverse section of the inflorescence axis is composed of epidermis,primary tissue and vascular bundle;（2） The vascular bundles that are surrounded by vascular bundle sheath formed of mechanical tissue glomerated in the centre of the transverse section;the interior of the vascular bundle is xylem and the outer is phloem,however,there is no cambium between the xylem and phloem;（3） The fiber bundles disseminates in the primary tissue which is between the epidermis and the vascular bundle groups,whether several features exist would provide significant basis for classification and identification of the 5 species,including the intensity of vascular bundle groups,the richness of the fiber bundles and aerenchyma.These differences of microscopic characteristics can offer evidence for classification relationship of palmae plants.