红壤不同利用方式下理化性状及土壤生物学特性的变化

Changes of Physico-Chemical and Biological Character of Red Soil under Different Land Use Patterns

研究了不同土地利用方式下土壤理化和生物化学性状的变化,以期了解不同土地利用方式对土壤性状的影响。结果表明,稻田pH值为6.62,大于菜地、桔园、荒地3种土地利用方式,除了菜地速效氮含量25.66 mg/kg略低于荒地27.12 mg/kg外,全N、速效N、全P、速效P、有机质、速效K的变化均表现为桔园最高,荒地最低,稻田、菜地介于两者之间。不同土地利用方式下脱氢酶活性差异不显著,过氧化氢酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、转化酶4种酶活性差异显著,过氧化氢酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶的变化均表现为桔园>耕地(稻田、菜地)>荒地,转化酶活性桔园>菜地>荒地>稻田。不同土地利用方式下土壤的理化、生物化学性状有显著不同。桔园利用方式下土壤的养分含量以及酶活性、呼吸强度均较该地区耕地(水田、旱地)和荒地高。但若继续在耕地上施用化肥意欲提高土壤各项功能,可能不是最佳办法。

Changes in soil physico-chemical and biochemical character under different land use patterns in subtropical region of China were investigated to understand the effect of land use patterns on soil properties.Results showed that pH of rice field was 6.62 higher than that of vegetable field,orange stands and fallow land.Except the content of available N（25.66 mg/kg） of vegetable land which was slightly lower than that of fallow land（27.12 mg/kg）,the changes of total N,available N,total P,available P,organic matter and available K performed that of orange stands was the highest,that of fallow land was the lowest,that of rice field and vegetable land was situated between the two.The significant differences exist in activities of dehydrogenase,urase,acid phosphatase and invertase under different land use patterns,while there are no significant difference in activities of dehydrogenase.The change order of catalase,acid phosphatase and urease activities was fallow as orange standsrice field（vegetable field）fallow land.Invertase activities was orange standsvegetable fieldfallow landrice field.It was suggested that soil physico-chemical and biochemical properties were quite different under land use patterns.Physico-chemical and biochemical properties,enzyme activities and respiration intensity in orange stands were higher than that in rice field,vegetable field and fallow land.However,it might not be the best way,if chemical fertilizer will be applied in the arable fields to improve soil biological properties and physico-chemical functions.