SMA薄弱环节对复合材料圆管耐撞性影响的试验研究

EFFECT OF SMA TRIGGER ON THE CRASHWORTHINESS OF COMPOSITE TUBES

基于形状记忆合金(SMA)细丝的形状记忆效应,在碳纤维复合材料圆管端部设计并制作了3种新型的SMA薄弱环节,即外缠SMA、内嵌SMA及交叉缠绕SMA薄弱环节。通过准静态轴向压溃试验研究这3种薄弱环节对复合材料圆管耐撞性的影响,并将试验结果与外倒角试件的吸能特性进行对比,以评估这些薄弱环节的引发效能。研究表明:外缠SMA和内嵌SMA薄弱环节的引发效能并不理想。交叉缠绕SMA薄弱环节的引发效能优于外倒角薄弱环节,且由该薄弱环节引发的宏观破坏模式与其它薄弱环节引发的截然不同,使复合材料圆管的耐撞性能得到了一定的提高。

Base on the shape memory effect of shape memory alloy （SMA） thin wire, three new SMA triggers, called outer-winding SMA trigger, embedded SMA trigger and cross-winding SMA trigger, are designed and made at one end of carbon-fibre reinforced composite tubes. Quasi-static axial compressive tests are conducted on the tubes to investigate the effect of the triggers on the crashworthiness. The results are compared with energy absorption characteristics of tubes with an external bevel trigger for evaluating the triggering effects. It is found that the outer-winding SMA trigger and the embedded SMA trigger have not caused the desirable effect. The triggering effect of the cross-winding SMA trigger is superior to that of an external bevel trigger. In addition, the macroscopic failure mode triggered by the cross-winding SMA trigger is quite distinct from those triggered by other triggers. The change of the macroscopic failure mode enhances the crashworthiness of composite tubes.